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Introduction: The Illusion of Sustainable Choices Sustainability initiatives often focus on visible improvements such as recycled materials or energy efficiency. While valuable, these actions can unintentionally shift environmental burdens rather than reduce them. Life cycle thinking addresses this challenge by examining impacts across the entire life of a product or service. What Life Cycle Thinking…

Introduction: The Rise of Carbon Accounting Greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting has become a central component of climate strategies across public and private sectors. Regulatory requirements, investor expectations, and voluntary commitments have driven widespread adoption of emissions reporting frameworks. Despite this progress, GHG accounting often functions as a reporting obligation rather than a tool for decision-making.…

Introduction: The Circular Economy Paradox The circular economy has gained widespread attention as a solution to resource depletion, waste generation, and environmental degradation. Governments, businesses, and development institutions increasingly reference circularity in policies and strategies. However, despite growing adoption, many circular economy initiatives struggle to deliver lasting economic or environmental benefits. A central reason for…